Monday 4 August 2014

No Tournament For Old Men

100 years ago on August 4th 1914,  Gramsci's concept of cultural hegemony was enacted in the most appalling manner imaginable, when World War I saw almost inconceivable numbers of volunteers signing up for their deaths in the trenches. To mark this anniversary, The Football Pink has launched an issue dedicated to war and football. It truly is a fantastic read; if Stand is the agitprop, samizdat zeitgeist of the modern football fan, then The Football Pink is the august theoretical journal underpinning the thoughts of the stormy petrels on the terraces. It can be bought from here http://footballpink.net/2014/07/13/pre-order-now-the-football-pink-issue-5/ and my contribution to issue 5 is as follows -:



Men are born for games. Nothing else. Every child knows that play is nobler than work. He knows too that the worth or merit of a game is not inherent in the game itself but rather in the value of that which is put at hazard… This is the nature of war, whose stake is at once the game and the authority and the justification. Seen so, war is the truest form of divination. It is the testing of one’s will and the will of another within that larger will which because it binds them is therefore forced to select. War is the ultimate game because war is at last a forcing of the unity of existence. War is god (Cormac McCarthy Blood Meridian p249).

I adore the work of Cormac McCarthy; not having read a word of his until I turned 33, and mistaking him at first for Carson McCullers, that altogether less grandiose exponent of the Southern Gothic, it was an extraordinary personal epiphany to come across McCarthy’s novels during my MA in Twentieth Century American Literature. The book of his I loved most of all was Suttree, a semi-autobiographical account of his life in Knoxville, Tennessee in the early 1950s, though my lecturers and other students frothed at the mouth over the grotesque epic Blood Meridian, from where I’ve quoted the speech by the terrifying Judge Holden which prefaces this piece. On this surface, both the Judge’s visceral oratory and the book as a whole are awesome, fearful constructs that seem to update the concept of the Elizabethan Chain of Being, often referred to as the Celestial Dance, to the American West, reducing human experience to the pavane of violence, war, and bloodshed that Judge Holden so often praises. However, I found the endless portrayals and justification of death and destruction to be ultimately hollow when compared to the realistic struggles of one lonely man in Suttree.

Writing as I am for an edition devoted to the twin themes of war and football, under the effusive, corporate shadow of a World Cup, it would be credible to suggest that Judge Holden’s words are the philosophy of the Honduran Football Federation. Indeed there is a persuasive argument to suggest that all football contests, from the most elevated levels of international football to the basest, internecine contests at the foot of the pyramid between feuding pubs in Sunday morning leagues are a physical recreation of the philosophical exposition of conflict delineated by Judge Holden. Examples of football as warfare are legion; while it’s a cheap shot to suggest the no-nonsense approach to the game adopted by Honduras, who appear to be a de facto international version of Wallsend Town, who achieved the extraordinary feat of being expelled from the Northern Alliance for incessant rough housing, is a kind of warfare, La guerra del fútbol between Honduras and neighbouring El Salvador in 1969 shows there is form for this in an altogether less stage-managed theatre than the one overseen by FIFA.

Two years after that conflict, the struggles for equality by members of the oppressed Nationalist community in the north of Ireland saw a response from the ruling Loyalist elite, backed up by the military might of their ideological Sugar Daddies at the heart of the British state, which resulted in a savage, sectarian civil war. An example of the repressive, punitive measures taken against ordinary Nationalists was the expulsion of Derry City from the Irish League in 1971, ostensibly for security concerns as their Brandywell home is in the Republican Bogside. Such an action was portrayed as being the right and sensible thing to do, rather than admitting it was another unnecessary ideological assault on the most downtrodden section of society.

One of my favourite ever cartoons was a Ray Lowry sketch in the NME in the mid-1980s.  In the wake of the US boycott of the Moscow Olympics and the USSR’s reciprocal absence from LA in 1984, while an endless stream of county cricketers, some shamefacedly and others brazenly, exchanged their test careers for a fistful of blood-soaked Rand on Rebel Tours of apartheid era South Africa, in direct contravention of the 1977 Gleneagles Agreement, Lowry drew a scene based in the Roman Coliseum. As a hapless serf was fed to the lions, he cried out Imperialist Bastards; meanwhile, the garlanded and toga-wearing emperor turned to his minion and said I do wish they’d keep politics out of sport.

I was only 9 going on 10 when the 1974 World Cup took place, but I was made aware by my dad, who insisted we support East Germany over West Germany (I can still recall him leaping from the couch and punching the air when Jürgen Sparwasser scored that iconic goal) that the team to hate above all others were Chile, because of that country’s military regime. The first Rothmans Football Yearbook I owned was the 1974/1975 edition; in its account of qualification for the tournament in Germany, it states that Chile qualified after USSR “withdrew following a protest at the proposed venue for the second leg of their play-off,” almost as if there was a doubt about the strength of the floodlights or a large enough press box, though with a snide hint that since Chile had achieved a 0-0 in Moscow, the Ruskies didn’t fancy their chances and so had taken a hissy fit. I am eternally grateful to my late father (Eddy Cusack b: 9-3-34 d: 1-8-09) for providing me with the context that Rothmans and British broadcasters were unwilling to do 40 years ago.

On 11 September 1973, Thatcher’s favourite despot Augustus Pinochet led a brutal military coup that deposed the democratically elected Social Democratic government of Salvador Allende. Thousands upon thousands of Government supporters, left wing activists and community leaders were rounded up and summarily executed in the national football stadium in Santiago. Perhaps the most famous victim was the folk singer and teacher Victor Jara, after whom the stadium is now named. Jara was shot and his corpse brutally defiled the day after the coup. His body was thrown in the dirt outside the stadium, from where his widow Joan and family members retrieved it, to give this brave, honest and totally innocent man a decent burial. FIFA, sensitive as ever to international events, insisted that the USSR v Chile play-off went ahead on 26 September 1973. By the time of the scheduled second leg in late November, the international community had grown aware of the gross violations of human rights by this illegal US-backed and funded coup; the USSR’s principled stance in refusing to play in such circumstances was predictably ignored by FIFA and, decontextualised, used as further anti Soviet propaganda by the BBC. With Pinochet long dead and democracy restored to Chile, I was able to celebrate their appearance at this year’s World Cup, which Milan Kundera would recognise as The Tournament of Laughter and Forgetting.

No country could have more reasons not to forget the endless privations it endured at the hands of a cruel oppressor than Ireland and their attitude to England. Derry City’s expulsion may have been a minor attack on the Nationalist community on the Foyle, certainly when compared to the shooting dead of 13 innocent, unarmed men on 30 January 1972, in what has become known as Bloody Sunday. Tragically, though predictably when considering Britain’s attitude to her neighbour, the original Bloody Sunday in 1920 was actually a greater outrage, as the Black and Tans shot dead 14 unarmed civilians at Croke Park during a GAA football game between Dublin and Tipperary. War is sport, but there can be laughter and forgetting; on 24 February 2007, God Save the Queen was played at Croke Park, before Ireland thumped England 43-13 in the Six Nations. The Irish nation forgave the British state and welcomed a team to play the quintessential game of the British ruling elite in the very venue where that country’s functionaries committed such a barbaric atrocity. However, it wasn’t football. Perhaps the events of Lansdowne Road in 1995 prevented the chance for Ireland to overcome England at football at Croker, but the gracious conduct of the Irish nation in a sporting environment is to be applauded.

Several years after I completed my postgraduate studies, McCarthy published the book that did not make his name, as his literary reputation was already established, but finally gave him a mainstream audience courtesy of the Coen Brothers’ masterful film adaptation of No Country for Old Men, which led to an explosion of interest in his work. One of the things I respect most about Cormac McCarthy is that he simply refuses to discuss the supposed deeper meaning of any of his books, stating “there’s nothing for me to say. Everything I have to say is there on the page.” However, I do wonder how he responds to the widespread veneration of the “living prophet of destruction” Anton Chigurh, perhaps his most bleakly psychotic character, so chillingly portrayed by Javier Bardem in the film. Rather like the judge, Chigurh’s words have the same kind of bombastic, quasi-philosophical but ultimately hollow quality of Judge Holden’s utterances. For instance, is there actually any real meaning behind the phrase “if the rule you followed led you to this, of what use was the rule?” Of course in the novel, the character of Carson Wells has little time to ponder this question before Chigurh shoots him, but that’s shows what a cruel game it can be. Being a mercenary I mean, not football.

To me, the central character in No Country for Old Men is Sheriff Ed Tom Bell, the ageing law man who has spent all his life trying to do the right thing and finding himself more and more of an anachronism as the new TexMex outlaws have technology at their disposal, while he drives a cruiser that “couldn’t out run a fat man.” Ed Tom knows his time is up as he’s can’t do anything about “the true and living prophet of destruction” that is Chigurh. Perhaps Neil Young was wrong and it is better to fade away than burn out.

I am 50 in August and I know I’m becoming Ed Tom Bell’s football supporting equivalent. More and more I find myself repulsed by the glorification of conflict in football, whether that be Carling drenched UKIP followers in England tops brawling in takeaways, the incessant xenophobic rhetoric of the media or even, at a micro level, posturing oafs on the internet making nonsensical claims about dust-ups after local derbies, claiming the “real result” is to be found off the pitch. It’s tiresome and it’s wrong.

Perhaps, as FIFA controls every fibre of the game’s being at the upper echelons, meaning that popular protests in Brazil are as decontextualized as the USSR’s refusal to play in Santiago in 1973, then even Cormac McCarthy’s bleak nihilism doesn’t go far enough. Rather we must take as our text Guy Debord’s 1967 piece, The Society of the Spectacle, which helped explained the nature of late capitalism's historical decay as part of the political manifesto of the Situationist International. In Debord’s terms,  spectacle was defined as an assemblage of social relations transmitted via the imagery of class power, and as a period of capitalist development wherein all that was once lived has moved into representation, whereby experience becomes detached from every aspect of life -:

We live in a spectacular society, that is, our whole life is surrounded by an immense accumulation of spectacles. Things that were once directly lived are now lived by proxy. Once an experience is taken out of the real world it becomes a commodity. As a commodity the spectacular is developed to the detriment of the real. It becomes a substitute for experience.


Pacified by the endless images on our television screen of football played by superstars of unimaginable wealth, we have become detached from the reality of the game. No longer are we participants in the bloody demi-monde outlined by Judge Holden, but instead we are anaesthetized by the media and exist in a stupefied false consciousness that Gramsci touched on in his theory of hegemony. The warfare we should consider as being part of football is properly class warfare; change the game, change the world, but find someone younger than me to help you. I’ll be watching Northern League football and cursing the professional game with an ideological bitterness that age entitles me to.

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